Tests that are done on or in the soil at the site are called “in situ tests.” The standard penetration test (SPT), the field vane test, the cone penetration test (CPT), the pressure meter test and the dilatometer test are the most common in-situ tests (DMT).
In-situ soil testing is necessary to learn about soil properties, measure groundwater pressure, find out how much water is in the soil, and get other important information that can be safety-critical in many situations. Tests that are done on the ground, such as in a borehole, trial pit, or tunnel, instead of in a lab. A vane test, a dynamic penetration test, etc., are all examples of in-situ soil tests.