UNIVERSAL TESTER
A universal testing machine (UTM) is used to test how strong a material is in both tension and compression. It can test materials, parts, and structures for tensile and compressive strength in many standard ways.
The Two clamps hold the object, and the pressure will let go slowly or quickly depending on the load capacity. UTM gives the value of the load applied and the distance it moved. A Universal testing machine (UTM) is used to test the mechanical properties (tension, compression, etc.) of a given test specimen by applying tensile, compressive, or transverse stresses. The name of the machine comes from the fact that it can test many different kinds of materials.
Today’s Universal Testing Machines move a crosshead that holds a load up and down with the help of a rotating ball screw. A series of pulleys and gears that turn the screw and make the crosshead motion is powered by an electric motor. Pulse width modulation (PWM) is used by a stable to control the movement of the electric motor. Tensile testers are made to be pretty strong, so there aren’t many ways for them to break. Because of this, universal testing machines don’t need much maintenance and are easy to fix if they break.
Uses of UTM:
Trying to pull something apart One of the most common ways to use a universal testing machine is to test a material’s tensile strength. It measures a material’s yield strength, stress, and strain. Samples of materials are tested until they (ie break).
There are several kinds of UTM:
Under the larger category of material testing systems, there are different kinds of UTMs. For our purposes, we will only focus on static, axial-loading, tension/compression type machines. Electro-dynamic testers, impact testers, servo-hydraulic fatigue systems, torsion testers, torsional bi-axial machines, and planar bi-axial machines are some other types of testing machines that won’t be covered here.
Machines with one column:
Single column universal testing machines have the smallest footprint and capacity. They are also sometimes called C-frame testers because of their shape. Most of the time, these systems are used on a bench top, and they can hold anywhere from a few ounces to about 1,000 lbs. Almost every column machine is made of electrical parts and uses a small servo-electric motor to both power and control it. Need to test something that weighs more than 1,000 pounds? You will need a machine with two columns, or the machine could get bent.
Machines with two rows:
Dual Column UTMs can be either electrically or hydraulically powered. Most of the time, hydraulic machines are better for testing high-strength materials over and over again in production environments. The speed and length of stroke of the electro-mechanical machines are much more flexible, which makes them better for R&D environments where many different kinds of tests can be done. The electro-mechanical testing machines for ball screws are also easier to move and ship.
Functions of UTM:
- Tensile test
- Compression test
- Tests for pull-out
- Hysteresis Test
Applications of UTM:
The Universal Testing Machine can be used to test the following materials:
- Rope
- Steel Rope
- Steel Wire
- Electrical Wire
- Webbing
- Spring
- ZSlings
UTM Components:
- The Loading Unit
- Control Unit
